Electronic Bill Pay - How It Works

The majority of major banks and financial institutions inbiller. This involves selecting a biller from a list of
the United States today offer bill pay services to theirsupported billers, or entering the biller information from
customers. This article explains how these electronic billtheir paper bill into a web form. The data required by
pay services work.the consumer to add a new biller will include the biller
The majority of major banks and financial institutions inname, biller address and phone number, and the
the United States today offer bill pay services to theirconsumer's account number with the biller. This biller
customers. Most banks choose to out-source their billsetup is a one time process for the consumer. After a
pay applications to 3rd party providers. The largestnew biller has been established in the consumer profile,
providers of bill pay services to financial institutions arethat biller will remain in their personal list of billers for
CheckFree and Metavante.ease of making future payments.
These 3rd party providers establish and maintain- If the newly added biller has the ability to send e-bills,
electronic connections to the major billers in thethe consumer will be prompted with that information
country, and utilize the ACH system to deliver theand can choose to accept or decline the offer to
payer's money to the recipient biller. While many billersreceive e-bills.
will accept credit cards for bill payments on their own- Once the consumer has setup the biller that they
web sites (these are called biller direct web sites)want to pay, they indicate the date that they want the
these same billers are less likely to accept credit cardspayment sent to the biller, and the amount of the
when bills are paid through banking web sites. This ispayment.
primarily due to the fact that ACH payments are very- In addition to allowing the consumer to make single
inexpensive to the biller, whereas credit card paymentspayments to billers, many on-line bill payment
can be comparatively quite expensive due to theapplications will also allow the consumer to setup
associated interchange costs that cards carry.recurring payments. If the consumer elects to setup
In addition to being able to pay bills at banking webrecurring payments, the provider will automatically
sites, many banks have also enabled the capability forgenerate a payment every month to that biller on
the consumer to receive an electronic version of theirbehalf of the consumer until the time that the
bill as well. These electronic bills are called e-bills.consumer chooses to turn the recurring service off.
If the 3rd party provider does not have an electronic- On or around the due date for the payment, an ACH
connection to the biller that a consumer is trying to pay,debit is made against the consumer account to
the provider will print and mail a check to the biller onwithdraw the specified funds, and a corresponding
the consumers' behalf. Currently, the major bill payACH credit (or paper check) is generated to deposit
providers deliver about 80% of their bills electronicallythose funds to the recipient's bank account. If the
via the ACH system, and the remaining 20% are paidconsumer does not have enough money in their
via paper check. The ability for a consumer to pay anyaccount to cover the amount of the payment, the
bill that they need to pay, regardless of whether theACH debit to the consumer's bank account will be
provider has an electronic connection to the biller orrejected and the payment will not be made.
not, is called a pay-anyone capability.- The on-line banking bill pay website maintains a
Here is how the typical bill pay application works:historical view of transactions so that the consumer
- A consumer logs onto their bank's on-line bill paymentcan have a record of the date and amount of
application.previous payment transactions.
- If they are paying a bill for the first time, they need toCopyright © 2007, Payment Info Center All rights
go through a simple one-time setup process for thereserved.